Pula chappal

Pula chappal from Himachal Pradesh stands out as a practical response to the region’s harsh winters, transforming locally available hemp and wool into durable, eco-friendly footwear. Crafted mainly in districts like Kullu and Lahaul-Spiti, these traditional slippers are an essential part of daily life and religious practice in the Himalayan belt. Artisans, primarily women, handcraft each pair using time-honored techniques, ensuring that every chappal is both functional and unique.

Historically, Himachali communities once relied on cowhide footwear, but religious reverence for cattle led to a shift towards plant-based materials, aligning with the region’s sattvic values. The tradition of making pula chappals is deeply embedded in Pahari culture, passed down from mothers to daughters as a vital household skill. Over generations, the craft has become a symbol of ingenuity and adaptation, with pula chappals worn not only in homes but also in temples and during religious ceremonies, reflecting their cultural and spiritual significance.

The primary materials for pula chappal are hemp fiber, locally known as shale, sourced from the Cannabis sativa plant, and sheep wool for the upper portion. The process begins with retting the hemp to separate the fibers, which are then dried and spun into rope using a traditional tool called the katauda. The base is woven by hand, forming a sturdy sole, while the upper is embroidered with wool in vibrant colors and geometric or floral motifs. Artisans use simple, locally made tools such as steel needles and scissors, and sometimes substitute acrylic threads or Grewia optiva fiber when hemp is scarce.

Today, the craft is maintained by women artisans across Himachal Pradesh, many of whom work independently or in small collectives. Pula chappals remain popular for indoor use, especially in temples and kitchens, and are valued for their warmth, breathability, and acupressure benefits. The craft has adapted to modern demands, with some artisans creating customized designs for urban buyers and brands, and using alternative materials for broader appeal.

What distinguishes pula chappal is its combination of sustainability, comfort, and cultural heritage. The use of natural fibers makes them biodegradable and suitable for all seasons, while the handmade designs ensure each pair is unique. Their association with religious purity and local identity gives them a special place in the regional market, where they are often preferred over synthetic or leather alternatives for both ethical and practical reasons.

Photo Courtesy: The Humane Collective | Himalyan Kraft